Usuku lwePost: 26, Dec, 2022
1. Ukunciphisa amanzi amukele
Ama-admixtures anciphise amanzi yimikhiqizo yamakhemikhali lapho engezwe kukhonkolo ingadala isigaxa esifunekayo esilinganisweni esiphansi samanzi aphansi kunalokho okuvame ukuklanywa. I-Admixtures enciphisa amanzi isetshenziselwa ukuthola amandla athile ukhonkolo asebenzisa okuqukethwe kosimende ophansi. Okuqukethwe kasimende ophansi kuphumela ekukhishweni kwe-CO2 okuphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngevolumu ekhonkolo ekhiqizwayo. Ngalolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa, izakhiwo zokhonkolo zithuthukiswa futhi zisiza indawo ngokhonkolo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Amanzi anciphise amanzi asetshenziswe ngokuyinhloko ebhulohweni le-Bridge, ukunqwabelana ngokhonkolo okuphansi, nokugoba ukhonkolo. Intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamanzi ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene.
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Inhloso esemqoka yokusebenzisa ama-superplastimizer ukukhiqiza ukhonkolo ogelezayo ngokukhanya okuphezulu kububanzi obuyisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalolunye okumele kusetshenziswe ezinhlakeni eziqiniswe kakhulu nasekubekweni lapho ukuhlanganiswa okwanele khona ngokudlidliza akutholakali kalula. Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza olukhulu ukukhiqizwa kokhonkolo onamandla okhonkolo eW / C's kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.4. Kutholakele ukuthi ezinhlotsheni eziningi zikasimende, i-superplastimizer ithuthukisa ukusebenziseka kokhonkolo. Inkinga eyodwa ehlotshaniswa nokusebenzisa amanzi aphezulu ancishisiwe kukhonkolo ukulahleka kokulula. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kukakhonkolo okuqukethe i-superplastizer kungenziwa nge-freeze-thaw ukumelana okuphezulu, kepha okuqukethwe komoya kumele kukhuphuke okuhlobene nokhonkolo ngaphandle kwe-superplastifizer.
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Setha ukubuyisa kabusha ama-admixtures asetshenziselwa ukubambezela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka lapho ukhonkolo uqala inqubo yokusetha. Lezi zinhlobo ze-commectite admixtures zivame ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa umphumela wamazinga okushisa aphezulu angakhiqiza ukuhlelwa kokhonkolo okusheshayo kokhonkolo. Setha i-Retarding Offixtures isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kokhonkolo kokhonkolo, okuvumela isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuqedela amakhonkolo ekhonkolo, ukunciphisa izindleko ezingezekile ukubeka isitshalo esisha sekhonkolo esiteshini somsebenzi futhi kusiza ukuqeda amalunga okubandayo ngokhonkolo. Ama-retaarders nawo angasetshenziswa ukumelana nokuqhekeka ngenxa yokuphambuka kwefomu okungenzeka lapho kufakwa ama-slabs avundlile ezigabeni. Iningi lezitolo ezibuyisi futhi lisebenza njengamanzi anciphise futhi lingafaka umoya othile ngokhonkolo
I-4. I-Concrete Admixtures: Umenzeli ongenisa umoya
Ukhonkolo ongenisa umoya ungakhulisa ukuqina kwekhonkolo kwekhonkolo. Lolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa luveza ukhonkolo olusebenziseka kakhulu kunokhonkolo ongafakwanga ngenkathi kunciphisa ukopha nokuhlukaniswa kokhonkolo okusha. Ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kokhonkolo kuya ekwenzeni okunzima kwesithwathwa noma iqhwa / imijikelezo emincane. Ezinye izinzuzo ezivela kulokhu kuhlanganiswa yilezi:
a. Ukumelana okuphezulu kwimijikelezo yokumanzisa nokumiswa
b. Izinga eliphakeme lokusebenza
c. Izinga eliphakeme lokuqina
Ama-Bubbles Air afakiwe asebenza njenge-buffer engokomzimba ngokumelene nokuqhekeka okubangelwa izingcindezi ngenxa yokwengezwa kwevolumu yamanzi kumazinga okushisa amancane. I-Air bezijabulisa ama-admixtures ayahambisana cishe nawo wonke ama-admixtures ekhonkolo. Imvamisa ngawo wonke amaphesenti omoya ongenayo, amandla acindezelayo azoncishiswa cishe ngamaphesenti amahlanu.
I-5. I-Concrete Admixtures: Ukusheshisa
Ukuncipha kwe-shrinkage Lolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa lunganciphisa ukumiswa kokusoma kusenesikhathi nangesikhathi eside. I-Shrinkage yehlisa ama-admixtures ingasetshenziswa ezimweni lapho ukuqhekeka kwe-shrinkage kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuqina noma lapho inani elikhulu lokuhlalisana lwe-shrinkage aluthandeki ngezizathu zezomnotho noma zobuchwepheshe. I-Shrinkage enciphisa ama-admixtures ingakwazi, kwezinye izimo, ukunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kokubili ekuqaleni kweminyaka yamuva.
6.ConCrete Admixtures: I-Shrinkage inciphisa
Ukuncipha kwe-Shrinkage-kunciphisa ama-admixtures ekhonkolo kufakwa ukhonkolo ngesikhathi sokuxubana kokuqala. Lolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa lunganciphisa ukumiswa kokusoma kusenesikhathi nangesikhathi eside. I-Shrinkage yehlisa ama-admixtures ingasetshenziswa ezimweni lapho ukuqhekeka kwe-shrinkage kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuqina noma lapho inani elikhulu lokuhlalisana lwe-shrinkage aluthandeki ngezizathu zezomnotho noma zobuchwepheshe. I-Shrinkage enciphisa ama-admixtures ingakwazi, kwezinye izimo, ukunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kokubili ekuqaleni kweminyaka yamuva.
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I-Admixtures evinjelwe i-Corrosion iwela esigabeni esikhethekile sokuhlanganiswa futhi isetshenziselwa ukugcwala kancane kokuqinisa insimbi ngokhonkolo. I-Corovion inhibitors inganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungiswa kwezinhlaka zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe kuyo yonke impilo ejwayelekile yenkonzo yeminyaka engama-30 - 40. Ezinye ama-admixty ezikhethekile zifaka i-shrinkage-enciphisa ama-admixtures kanye ne-alkali-silica Rupliaction Rupleity. I-Corososion-invibiting admixtures ayitholi amandla amancane emandleni asebekhulile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kodwa ingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kusenesikhathi. I-Calcium Nitrite esekelwe ku-Horrosion inhibitors iyasheshisa izikhathi zokubeka ama-cotcrete ngaphezulu kohlu lokushisa olungaphakathi kwezinga lokushisa ngaphandle kokuthi kwakhiwe nge-retarder ebekiwe ukuze kususwe umphumela wokusheshisa.
Isikhathi sePosi: Dece-27-2022
