Usuku lwePost: 27, Dec, 2021

Igama elithi "Mina"ilign, okukhona kakhulu emangqamuzaneni ezitshalo ezinamahlahla, amakhambi, nazo zonke izitshalo zemithambo nezinye izitshalo ezivusekisiwe, futhi zidlala indima ekuqiniseni izicubu zezitshalo.

"Skeleton" Smpacton "of" Me "

Emvelweni, "Mina" ngihlala ngihlala ndawonye nge-cellulose kanye ne-hemishellulose, ngisebenza ngokubambisana ukwakha i-skeleton yesitshalo. Abantu bahlukanise ngezinhlobo ezintathu:I-Hardwood Lignign, coner ligninna-I-Herbal Lignin. Ngokuvamile, "Mina" ngisatshalaliswa njalo kumaseli wezitshalo. Ukuhlushwa kwe- "i" ku-intercelleller ungqimba kuphakeme kakhulu, ukugcwala kwengqimba yangaphakathi yodonga lwesibili kungokwesibili, futhi okuhlushwa ngaphakathi esitokisini kuncane kakhulu. Njengomthombo wesithathu omkhulu we-organic ngokwemvelo, yize "Mina" wawusetshenziswa ngabantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule, akuzange kuxhashazwe kabanzi kuze kube manje.

"Mina" ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni

EChina, "Mina" ngingahle ngilandelwe emuva ekusungulweni kwamaphepha. Inhloso yokuphamba kanye nokuphambana kokugcina iselula kanye ne-hemishellulose bese ususa "i". Izinto ezingavuthiwe zibandakanya utshani kakolweni, umhlanga, umhlanga, umhlanga, njll. Amanzi amdaka abe yinkinga enkulu ekwelashweni kwamanzi ezimboni ezifuywayo.

Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko zezimboni ezihlobene zangaphandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- "i" ehlathini ihlukaniswe ne-hydrolysis ye-Wood; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhloswe ngalo enkingeni yamanzi edoti embonini yamaphepha. Amazwe aphesheya athuthukise iqoqo lezinkuni zokwelashwa kwe-Wood Watch Uketshezi. Okokuqala, i- "I" ku-wace uketshezi kabusha kabusha nge-alkali, bese kuthi uma ngibuyiselwe ngisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nokuhanjiswa kwamandla. Lokhu kutholakala ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu ngesisekelo sokuxazulula inkinga yokungcola. Igcina amandla.

Ukwahlukaniswa nokukhishwa kwe- "i"

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwe- "i", ososayensi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe bafunda ngenkuthalo ukwahlukana nokukhishwa kwe- "i". Ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni, ngokuvamile sihlukaniswe futhi sikhishwe lapho kusetshenziswa i-cellulose. Ngokombono wocwaningo lwesayensi, abantu bahlukana futhi bakhiphe "Mina" ukuze bathole amasampula ngokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, noma amasampula anezinhlaka ezithile kanye nezakhiwo.

Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu zokuhlukaniswa kwe- "i": eyodwa ukuncibilikisa izakhi ngaphandle kwami ​​emzimbeni wesitshalo, bese zihlunga ukuze zihlukanise i-insoluble "I". Isibonelo esijwayelekile siku-Wood Hydrolysis Fact. Into eyenziwe nge-glucose ngaphansi kwesenzo se-acid, futhi i- "i" ihlukaniswe njengensali ye-hydrolysis; Okunye ukuncibilikisa i- "i" emzimbeni wesitshalo, ngihlukanise ezinye izingxenye bese ngiqonda ukuze ngithole i- "i".

Uhlobo lokugcina lokuhlukaniswa luvamile kwinqubo yokuphamba kwamapakethe. Kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili zezindlela zokuhlukanisa. Original "i" kuhlaselwa yi-soluble yamanziILiglosulfonate, bese eselashwa ngobisi lwe-lime, "Mina" lunganqotshwa; Lesi sakamuva siphekwe nge-caustic soda eliphakeme lokushisa okuphezulu, noma utshani belayisi obunjiwe noma utshani kakolweni. Shintsha i- "I" ku-Alkaline "I", hlunga i-cellulose, bese i-acid-phatha isixazululo esisele ukuze unqabe i- "i".

"Ubuntu kathathu" be- "I" kanye nobuchule abaningi

"Mina" iyi-polyphenol enezinhlangothi ezintathu polymer compact compact nePhenylpropane njengeyunithi yesakhiwo. Inobuntu kathathu (okungukuthi, izakhiwo ezintathu eziyisisekelo): Isakhiwo se-Guaiacyl, isakhiwo se-syringyl kanye ne-P-hydroxypenhenyl. Mina ukwakheka kwezakhi kuyahlukahluka ngezinhlobo zezitshalo nezindlela zokwehlukanisa.

Kunamaqembu amaningi asebenzayo esakhiweni se- "I" (amaqembu amnandi, amaqembu we-phenolic hydroxyl, amaqembu e-carbonyl, amaqembu e-carboxy, amaqembu e-aldehyde, amaqembu e-aldehyde, anika amandla i- "i "Ukubhekana nezinhlobonhlobo zokusabela kwamakhemikhali, okufana: oxidation, ukuncishiswa, i-hydrolysis, i-adolysis, i-adolysis, ukuhlakanipha, i-alkylation, i-nitylation, ukusheshisa, isibabule, i-polycondenation noma i-coffery Copolymerization.

I-resin yahlelwa nge- "i" njengoba impahla eluhlaza iphansi ngezindleko ukwedlula i-phenolic resin ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ezijwayelekile zokubumba, futhi inenani elithile lezimboni. KuilignI-Latex ilungiswe ngo- "i" ne-latex yemvelo ye-latex, "Mina" isebenza njenge-ejenti yokuqinisa, ngaleyo ndlela ngifaka i-carbon emnyama ebizayo futhi nginciphise izindleko zemikhiqizo yenjoloba. "Mina" ngibuye ngisetshenziswe njengento eluhlaza yokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali we-oyela ama-oyela ukuze athuthukise izinga lokubuyiselwa kwamafutha kanye nekhwalithi kawoyela yemayini ye-oyela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Mina" nayo ingasetjenziswa njenge-surfactants, ama-advelitioner wokugcina umanyolo, ama-pesticide antes agestion Slowle-Reced, njll. Ngokujula kocwaningo lwesayensi, ngizoba namathuba amaningi okubonisa amakhono ami.