Idethi yokuthunyelwe: 6, Jun, 2022

Ekuqaleni, ingxube yayisetshenziselwa ukonga usimende kuphela. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, i-admixture ibe yisilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza okukhonkolo.

Ngenxa yama-superplasticizers, ukhonkolo ohamba phambili, ukhonkolo ozimele, ukhonkolo oluqinile lusetshenziswa; sibonga ama-thickeners, izakhiwo zekhonkrithi zangaphansi kwamanzi ziyathuthukiswa: ngenxa ye-retarders, isikhathi sokusetha sikasimende sinwetshwa, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-slump nokwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza kokwakhiwa: ngenxa ye-antifreeze, iphuzu lokuqandisa lesixazululo. ingahle yehliswe, noma ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sekristalu yeqhwa ngeke kubangele ukulimala okubandayo. Kungenzeka kuphela ukwenza ukwakhiwa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibi.

Ngokuvamile, ama-admixtures anemiphumela elandelayo ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zikakhonkolo:

 1. Kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kokhonkolo. Noma ukwandisa uketshezi lukakhonkolo ngaphandle kokwandisa inani lamanzi.

2. Isikhathi sokubeka ukhonkolo singalungiswa.

3. Yehlisa ukopha nokuhlukaniswa. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokumelana nokukhishwa kwamanzi.

4. Ukulahleka kokuwohloka kungancishiswa. Khulisa ukudonsa kukakhonkolo opompowe.

5. Ukuncipha kungancishiswa. Ukwengeza i-ejenti yobuningi nakho kunganxephezela ukuncipha.

6. Bambezela ukushisa kokuqala kwe-hydration kukakhonkolo. Yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokukhuphuka kokhonkolo futhi unciphise ukwenzeka kwemifantu.

7. Thuthukisa amandla okuqala kakhonkolo. Vimbela ukuqanda ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibi.

8. Thuthukisa amandla, ukwandise ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukungakwazi ukungena emanzini, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

9. Lawula ukusabela kwe-alkali-aggregate. Vimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi futhi unciphise ukusakazeka kwe-chloride ion.

10. Yenziwe ngokhonkolo nezinye izakhiwo ezikhethekile.

11. Yehlisa i-viscosity coefficient yekhonkrithi, njll.

 Ngemva kokwengeza ama-admixtures kukhonkolo, ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, imiphumela nayo ihlukile, iningi layo eliyimiphumela ebonakalayo, njenge-adsorption ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-cement ukuze zenze ifilimu ye-adsorption, eshintsha amandla futhi ikhiqize ukudonsa okuhlukile noma ukuxoshwa; Ukucekela phansi isakhiwo se-flocculation, uthuthukise ukuzinza kwesistimu yokusabalalisa usimende, futhi uthuthukise izimo ze-cement hydration: ezinye zingakha isakhiwo se-macromolecular futhi ziguqule isimo se-adsorption ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-cement; abanye banganciphisa ukushuba kwesimo sezulu namandla angaphezulu kwamanzi, njll.: futhi Abambalwa babamba iqhaza ngokuqondile ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali futhi bakhiqize izinhlanganisela ezintsha ngosimende.

Ngoba i-admixture ingathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kokhonkolo, futhi inezinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho. Isetshenziswe kabanzi emazweni amaningi futhi isiyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kukhonkolo. Ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwama-high potency reducers. Izinhlayiya zikasimende zingahlakazeka ngokugcwele, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuncishiswe kakhulu, futhi amandla usimende asetshenziswa ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yalokho, itshe likasimende liminyene ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi isakhiwo se-pore kanye ne-microstructure yendawo yokuxhumana kuthuthukisiwe kahle, ukuze izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezomshini zikakhonkolo zithuthukiswe kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukungakwazi ukungena kwamanzi, noma i-chloride ion diffusion. , i-carbonization, kanye ne-sulfate corrosion resistance. . Kanye nokumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nezinye izici zingcono kunokhonkolo ngaphandle kwezingxube, akugcini nje ukuthuthukisa amandla, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Kungase futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kokhonkolo. Kungenzeka kuphela ukwenza ukhonkolo osebenza kakhulu ngokusebenza okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu ngokuxuba ama-superplasticizers.