Usuku lwePosi:14,Mar,2022

Ukuhlanganiswa kuchazwa njengezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphandle kwamanzi, ama-aggregates, i-hydraulic cemential impahla noma ukuqiniswa kwe-fiber okusetshenziswa njengesithako sengxube exubile ukuguqula i-batch exubile exubile ukuguqula noma ngesikhathi sokuxubana . Njengoba kuphawuliwe engxenyeni 1, ukuhlangana kwamakhemikhali kuvame ukuchazwa njenge-nonpozzolanic (akudingi i-calcium hydroxide ukuze uphendule) ngesimo soketshezi, ukumiswa noma amanzi ancibilike.

I-Admixtures enciphisa amanzi ithuthukisa ama-Concrete's Plastic (imanzi) nezakhiwo ezilukhuni, ngenkathi kufakwa ama-admixtures asetshenziswayo kukhonkolo ebekwe futhi aqedwe ngaphandle kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Kokubili, lapho kusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, kufaka isandla kwimikhuba emihle yokuhlanganisa. Futhi, zombili ama-admixturetu kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo ze-ASTM C 494 (bheka Ithebula 1).

Ukunciphisa ama-admixtures

Amanzi anciphisayo enza empeleni ukuthi: Yehlisa inani lamanzi okuxuba adingekayo ukuthola i-slump enikeziwe. Lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni kwesilinganiso se-cementio esenziwe ngamanzi (W / C), okuholela emandleni akhuphukayo kanye nokhonkolo ohlala isikhathi eside.

Ukunciphisa isilinganiso se-W / C sikakhonkolo kukhonjwe njengento ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ukhonkolo oqinile, osezingeni eliphakeme. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwesinye isikhathi okuqukethwe kosimende kungahle kwehliswe ngenkathi kugcinwa isilinganiso se-W / C yangempela ukuze sinciphise izindleko noma ukushisa kwe-hydration ukuthola izithulu zokhonkolo wensimbi.

Ukunciphiswa kwamanzi okunciphisa amanzi nakho kunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa futhi kuthuthukise ukugeleza kokhonkolo. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokuposela ukhonkolo futhi.

Ukunciphiswa kwamanzi okunciphisa amanzi ngokuvamile kuwela emaqenjini amathathu: okuphansi-, okuphakathi- nebanga eliphakeme. Lawa maqembu asuselwa ebangeni lokuncishiswa kwamanzi kulokhu kuhlanganiswa. Amaphesenti okuncishiswa kwamanzi ahlobene namanzi okuxuba okuqala adingekayo ukuthola i-slump enikeziwe (bheka ithebula 2).

Ngenkathi wonke ama-subser anciphisayo anokufana, ngamunye unesicelo esifanelekile esifanelwe kangcono. Ithebula 3 liveza isifinyezo salezi zinhlobo ezintathu zokunciphisa amanzi, amabanga abo okunciphisa amanzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuyinhloko. Umphumela wabo ekufakweni komoya uzohluka ngokuya nge-chemistry.

Basebenza kanjani

Lapho uCement exhumana namanzi, amashaji kagesi angafani ebusweni bezinhlayiya zosekhukhwini ezihehana, okuholela ekutheni kube nokufukula noma ukuhlanganisa izinhlayiya zezinhlayiya. Ingxenye enhle yamanzi idonswa kule nqubo, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekuxubeni okubumbana futhi inciphise ukuncipha.

Ukunciphisa ama-admixtures kunciphisa ama-admixtures avumelekile ngokukhokhiswa okungaphezulu kwezinhlayiya eziqinile futhi kubangele ukuthi wonke aphethwe njengamacala. Njengoba izinhlayiya ezinamacala afana namacala axosha omunye nomunye, zinciphisa ukugcwala kwezinhlayiya zosethusi futhi zivumele ukusakazwa okungcono. Baphinde banciphise ukubonakala kwe-paste, okuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu.

Ithebula 4 liveza ezinye izinto ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa uhla ngalunye lwamanzi anciphisa. Ezinye izakhi nazo zingezwa ngokuya ngomkhiqizo nangomenzi. Amanye ama-admixtures anciphisa amanzi anemiphumela yesibili noma ahlanganiswe nabathengi noma ama-accelerator.