Usuku lwePost: 15, APR, 2024
Ukuhlaziywa kweqhaza lama-admixtures kakhonkolo:
Ukuhlanganiswa kukakhonkolo kuyinto yamakhemikhali engezwe inqubo yokulungiselela ukhonkolo. Ingashintsha izakhiwo ezibonakalayo kanye nokusebenza kokhonkolo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokhonkolo. Okokuqala, ama-concrete admixtures adlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono izakhiwo zokhonkolo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuthuthukisa amandla nokuqina kokhonkolo. Ngokungeza inani elifanele lama-admixtures afana nama-ejenti aqinisiwe kanye nabakwa-retarda, amandla acindezelayo, amandla ashubile kanye nokuvikelwa kwamakhompiyutha ngokhonkolo kungakhiwa, futhi izakhiwo zekhonkolo zizothuthukiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi kungathuthukisa ukumelana kokhonkolo kokhonkolo. Isibonelo, engeza ama-admixtures afana nama-ejenti angenamanzi kanye nezindawo zokugcina zinganciphisa ukungena komswakama namakhemikhali kukhonkolo futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kanye nempilo yenkonzo kakhonkolo. Okwesibili, ama-admixtures ekhonkolo adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukusebenza kokhonkolo. Ukusebenza kokusebenza kubhekisele eplastikini, ubisi kanye nokulalwa kokhonkolo ngesikhathi sokwakha. Ngokwengeza ama-admixtures anjengamanzi anciphisa ama-ejenti, ama-tackifiers kanye nama-spirilizers, uketshezi nokunamathela kokhonkolo kungashintshwa, okwenza kube nokusebenza kangcono kokwenziwa nobubi, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kweplastiki kanye nokwenza lula ukwakhiwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungeza ama-admixtures afana ne-air Foam Agents kanye nokugcina ukuqina kungalawula okuqukethwe kwe-bubble nokuqina kokhonkolo ukuze uvumelane nezidingo zobunjiniyela ezahlukahlukene.
Cwaninga ngezindlela ezithile zesicelo se-Conkcrete Admixtures:
(1) Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi anciphisa i-ejenti
Ngokombono wokusebenza kwe-ejenti enciphisa amanzi, umphumela wayo wokukhulisa amanzi acace bha, futhi unezinto ezicebile zobuchwepheshe. Uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuncipha kokhonkolo okuphelele, uma ungahlanganisa izinzuzo zamanzi anciphisa ama-ejenti, unganciphisa ngempumelelo inani lamanzi ukhonkolo asetshenziswe kuyunithi futhi unciphise isilinganiso sentuthuko yokuthuthukisa amandla esakhiwo sokhonkolo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwale ndlela kungathuthukisa kangcono ukuqina nokuqina kwezinto zokhonkolo. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphelele kwezinto zokhonkolo kuhlala kungashintshiwe, kuhlangene nezinzuzo zamanzi anciphisa ama-ejenti, uketshezi lwezinto zokhonkolo lungathuthukiswa. Ngenkathi sigcina ukuqina kwamandla ukhonkolo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-admixtures anciphisa amanzi nakho kungafinyelela umgomo wokuthuthuka kokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kosimende. Yehlisa ukutshalwa kwezindleko zokwakha okungadingekile futhi unciphise izindleko zezindleko. Esigabeni samanje, sekuvele izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi anciphise ama-ejenti emakethe. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-ejenti anciphisa amanzi zinomehluko osobala kakhulu ngokwesilinganiso sohlelo lokusebenza nemiphumela yokusebenzisa. Abasebenzi badinga ukuzisebenzisa ngokusekelwe kwisimo sangempela esizeni.
(2) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ejenti yokuqinisa kusenesikhathi
Umenzeli wamandla wakuqala ulungele ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kobusika noma amaphrojekthi okulungiswa okuphuthumayo. Uma izinga lokushisa lendawo yokwakha litholakala liphezulu, noma izinga lokushisa seliphansi kune -5 ℃, lokhu kuhlanganiswa akunakusetshenziswa. Ngezinto zokhonkrithi zokhonkolo ezinkulu, kuzodedelwa inani elikhulu lokushisa kwe-hydration ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi ama-ejenti wamandla okuqala awafanele ukusetshenziswa. Esigabeni samanje, ama-ejenti wamandla asekuqaleni asetshenziswa kakhulu ikakhulukazi ama-ejenti wamandla okuqala asezingeni eliphakeme kanye nama-chloride asebenze ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Phakathi kwazo, inzuzo esobala kakhulu i-chlorine usawoti amandla okuqala, okuqukethe i-sodium chloride, i-calcium chloride nezinye izinto. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza lwamandla okuqala, i-calcium chloride ingasabela ngamakhemikhali ngezakhi ezihlobene nosimende, futhi yandisa isilinganiso sesigaba esiqinile etsheni lesikhumba, ngaleyo ndlela lithuthukise ukwakheka kwesakhiwo samatshe kasimende. Ngemuva kokuphothula okuqukethwe okungenhla komsebenzi, kunganciphisa futhi inkinga yamanzi amaningi amahhala ngokhonkolo emsebenzini wendabuko, kunciphise umthelela wokuqina, futhi uzuze ngempela izinhloso zentuthuko zamandla aphezulu nobukhulu obuphezulu. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi i-chlorine usawoti kusenesikhathi i-ejenti kungenzeka ibe nomthelela othile owonakalisayo esakhiweni sensimbi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yale nkinga, lolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa alulungele imisebenzi yokwakha ekhonkolo ebekiwe. Ocwaningweni ngo-Sulfate Feral Certe Center agents, i-sodium sulfate yokuqala i-ejenti yamandla asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-ejenti yamandla okuqala. Umaqondana nezimpawu zawo, unokumelana kwamanzi okuqinile. Futhi lapho kuxutshwa nezinto zokhonkolo, kungahle kube nochungechunge lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali nezinye izingxenye ku-CEAND, ekugcineni kwakha i-calcium sulfoaluminate edingekayo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kukhiqizwa le nto, kungaqhubekisela phambili ngokushesha ijubane eliqinile likasimende. Ama-ejenti wamandla kasawoti we-chloride kanye nama-sulfate agents asekuqaleni anamandla angaba ama-inorganic usawoti asebekhuthele kusenesikhathi. Uma umsebenzi ohambisanayo udinga ukwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, lo menti wandla wamandla wangaphambi kokungasebenzi. Enqubweni yokusetshenziswa kwangempela, abasebenzi badinga ukuhlanganisa izici zama-ejenti aphezulu okuqala kanye nesimo sangempela esizeni ukukhetha i-ejenti yamandla okuqala afanelekile.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-17-2024
