Idethi Yokuthumela: 26, Aug, 2024
1. Ukwakheka kwamaminerali
Izinto ezisemqoka okuqukethwe yi-C3A ne-C4AF. Uma okuqukethwe kwalezi zingxenye kuphansi ngokuqhathaniswa, ukuhambisana kukasimende nesinciphisi samanzi kuzoba kuhle kakhulu, phakathi kwazo i-C3A inethonya elinamandla ngokuqhathaniswa ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isinciphisi samanzi siqale sikhangise i-C3A ne-C4AF. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga le-hydration le-C3A linamandla kune-C4AF, futhi liyakhula ngokukhula kokucoleka kukasimende. Uma izingxenye ze-C3A ezengeziwe ziqukethwe kusimende, zizoholela ngokuqondile emanzini amancane ancibilikisiwe ku-sulfate, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwenani le-sulfate ions ekhiqizwayo.
2. Ukulunga
Uma usimende ungcono, indawo yayo ethile izoba nkulu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi umphumela we-flocculation uzoba sobala kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme lesi sakhiwo se-flocculation, inani elithile lokunciphisa amanzi lidinga ukungezwa kuso. Ukuze uthole umphumela owanele wokugeleza, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kokunciphisa amanzi ngezinga elithile. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, uma usimende ucolile, indawo ethize yesimende iphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ithonya lokunciphisa amanzi enanini eligcwele usimende lizokhula, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa ukugcwala kwe-cement paste. Ngakho-ke, ohlelweni lwangempela lokumisa ukhonkolo ngenani eliphezulu likasimende wamanzi, isilinganiso samanzi nendawo kufanele silawulwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi usimende nezinciphisi zamanzi zinokuguquguquka okuqinile.
3. Ukuhlelwa kwezinhlayiya zikasimende
Ithonya lezinhlayiyana ze-cement grading ekuguquguqukeni kwe-cement libonakala ngokuyinhloko umehluko wokuqukethwe kwe-powder ecolekile ezinhlayiyeni zikasimende, ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya ezingaphansi kwama-microns angu-3, okunomthelela oqondile kakhulu ekukhangiseni kokunciphisa amanzi. Okuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya ezingaphansi kwama-microns angu-3 kusimende kuyahluka kakhulu kubakhiqizi abahlukene bakasimende, futhi ngokuvamile kusakazwa phakathi kuka-8-18%. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa uhlelo lokugaya okugeleza okuvulekile, indawo ethile kasimende ithuthukiswe kakhulu, enomthelela oqondile ekuguquguqukeni kukasimende nezinciphisi zamanzi.
4. Ukujikeleza kwezinhlayiya zikasimende
Ziningi izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuzungeza kukasimende. Esikhathini esidlule, izinhlayiya zikasimende zazivame ukugaywa ukuze kugwenywe ukugaya emaphethelweni namakhona. Kodwa-ke, ohlelweni lokusebenza lwangempela, inqwaba yezinhlayiya ze-powder emihle zivame ukuvela, okunomthelela oqondile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kukasimende. Ukuze uxazulule ngempumelelo le nkinga, ubuchwepheshe bokugaya ibhola lensimbi eliyindilinga bungasetshenziswa ngokuqondile, obungakwazi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu i-spheroidization yezinhlayiya zikasimende, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokusebenza, nokunciphisa isikhathi sokugaya usimende. Ngemva kokuba ukuzungeza kwezinhlayiya zikasimende kuthuthukisiwe, nakuba umthelela wesilinganiso esigcwele sesinciphisi samanzi ungemkhulu kakhulu, ungathuthukisa uketshezi lokuqala lokunamathisela usimende ngokwezinga elikhulu. Lesi senzakalo sizoba sobala kakhulu uma inani le-reductioner yamanzi elisetshenzisiwe lincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwezinhlayiya zikasimende, uketshezi lokunamathisela usimende nakho kungathuthukiswa ngezinga elithile.
5. Izinto ezixubile
Ekusetshenzisweni kwamanje kukasimende ezweni lami, ezinye izinto zivame ukuxutshwa ndawonye. Lezi zinto ezixubile ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-blast furnace slag, i-fly ash, i-coal gangue, i-zeolite powder, i-limestone, njll. Ngemva komkhuba omningi, kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi uma isinciphisi samanzi kanye nomlotha wempukane kusetshenziswa njengezinto ezixubile, ukuguquguquka okuhle kwe-cement kungenziwa. kutholwe. Uma umlotha wentaba-mlilo kanye negenge lamalahle kusetshenziswa njengezinto ezixubile, kuba nzima ukuthola ukuguquguquka okuhle kokuvumelana nezimo. Ukuze uthole umphumela ongcono wokunciphisa amanzi, kudingeka isinciphisi samanzi esiningi. Uma i-fly ash noma i-zeolite ifakiwe ezintweni ezixutshiwe, ukulahlekelwa ekushiseni ngokuvamile kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokucoleka komlotha wentaba-mlilo. Uma kuncane ukulahlekelwa ekushiseni, kudingeka amanzi amaningi, futhi kuyanda umlotha wentaba-mlilo. Ngemuva kokuzijwayeza okuningi, kufakazelwe ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezixutshwe kusimende kanye ne-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi kubonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo: ① Uma i-slag isetshenziswa esikhundleni sokunamathisela usimende, uketshezi lokunamathisela kuzoba namandla njengoba izinga lokushintshwa liyakhuphuka. ② Uma i-fly ash isetshenziswa ngokuqondile esikhundleni sokunamathisela usimende, uketshezi lwawo lokuqala lungancishiswa kakhulu ngemva kokuba into eshintshwayo idlule ku-30%. ③ Uma i-zeolite isetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukufaka usimende esikhundleni, kulula ukubangela ukuntuleka koketshezi lokuqala kokunamathisela. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ngokwanda kwezinga lokushintshwa kwe-slag, ukugcinwa kokugeleza kokunamathisela usimende kuzothuthukiswa. Lapho umlotha wempukane ukhula, izinga lokulahlekelwa kokugeleza kokunamathisela lizokhula ngezinga elithile. Lapho izinga lokushintsha i-zeolite lidlula i-15%, ukulahlekelwa kokugeleza kokunamathisela kuzoba sobala kakhulu.
6. Umphumela wohlobo lwe-admixture ku-fluidity yokunamathisela usimende
Ngokungeza ingxenye ethile yezixube kukhonkolo, amaqembu e-hydrophobic we-admixtures azobe eqondiswa i-adsorbed ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-samente, futhi amaqembu e-hydrophilic azokhomba isisombululo, ngaleyo ndlela enze ngempumelelo ifilimu ye-adsorption. Ngenxa yomphumela we-adsorption oqondisayo we-admixture, ubuso bezinhlayiya ze-cement buzoba nezindleko zesibonakaliso esifanayo. Ngaphansi komphumela wamacala afanayo axosha omunye nomunye, usimende uzokwakha ukuhlakazeka kwesakhiwo esigelezayo esigabeni sokuqala sokwengezwa kwamanzi, ukuze isakhiwo se-flocculent sikhishwe emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi emzimbeni othile. ububanzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izixube, isici esiyinhloko se-polyhydroxy acid admixtures ukuthi bangakwazi ukwakha amaqembu anemiphumela ehlukene kuketango eliyinhloko. Ngokuvamile, izingxube ze-hydroxy acid zinomthelela omkhulu ku-fluidity kasimende. Enqubweni yokulungiselela ukhonkolo wamandla aphezulu, ukwengeza ingxenye ethile ye-polyhydroxy acid admixtures kungafinyelela imiphumela engcono yokulungiselela. Kodwa-ke, ohlelweni lokusebenzisa i-polyhydroxy acid admixtures, inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zikasimende. Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, ingxube ithambekele ku-viscosity futhi inamathele phansi. Ekusetshenzisweni kwakamuva kwesakhiwo, futhi kujwayele ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye ne-stratification. Ngemva kokudilizwa, ijwayele nokuba namahhadlahhadla, imigqa yesihlabathi, nezimbobo zomoya. Lokhu kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokungahambisani kwe-polyhydroxy acid admixtures nosimende nezingxube zamaminerali. Izingxube ze-Polyhydroxy acid ziyizingxube ezinokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezimbi kakhulu kusimende phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezingxube.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-26-2024
