Idethi Yokuthumela: 24, Apr, 2023
I-sodium lignosulfonateiyi-polymer yemvelo. Kungumkhiqizo wokukhiqizwa kwe-pulp, okuyi-polymer ye-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzene. Ine-dispersibility eqinile. Ngenxa yesisindo samangqamuzana ahlukene kanye namaqembu asebenzayo, inamazinga ahlukene okuhlakazeka. Kuyinto esebenzayo engaphezulu engakhangiswa ebusweni bezinhlayiya ezihlukahlukene eziqinile futhi ingaqhuba ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion yensimbi. Ibuye ibe namaqembu ahlukahlukene asebenzayo esakhiweni sayo, ngakho-ke ingakhiqiza ukufingqa noma i-hydrogen bonding nezinye izinhlanganisela.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhethekile,sodium lignosulfonateinezinto ze-physicochemical ezingaphezulu njengokuhlakazeka, i-emulsification, i-solubilization kanye ne-adsorption. Imikhiqizo yayo eguquliwe isetshenziswa njenge-mineral nutrient surfactant, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza isivuthiwe.

Umgomo wohlelo lokusebenza wesodium lignosulfonate:
Inani lamaketanga ekhabhoni lihluka kakhulu ngokuya ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ezikhishwe ku-lignin. Ezinye zilungele ukukhiqizwa kukamanyolo kanti ezinye zilungele izithasiselo zezibulala-zinambuzane. Iqukethe imisebenzi ehlukahlukene esebenzayo, i-dispersibility kanye ne-chelation, okulula ukuhlanganisa nezakhi zensimbi ukwakha isimo se-chelate, ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali wezakhi zensimbi zensimbi, zonga izindleko futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle. I-adsorption kanye nezakhiwo ezikhipha kancane ze-lignin zingagcina kangcono ukusebenza komanyolo wamakhemikhali futhi ziwenze ukhululeke kancane. Kuyinto enhle ekhishwa kancane yomanyolo ohlanganisiwe we-organic. I-Lignin iwuhlobo lwenhlanganisela ye-polycyclic macromolecular organic equkethe amaqembu amaningi angalungile, anobudlelwano obuqinile nama-ion ensimbi anevalent ephezulu enhlabathini.
I-sodium lignosulfonateingabuye isetshenziselwe ukucubungula izibulala-zinambuzane. I-Lignin inendawo enkulu ethize futhi iqukethe izinhlobonhlobo zamaqembu asebenzayo, angasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ekhipha kancane isibulala-zinambuzane.
Kunomehluko ngesakhiwo phakathi kwe-lignin ezitshalweni kanye ne-lignin ngemva kokuhlukana. Udonga lwamaseli olusanda kukhiqizwa lokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli ezitshalo luncane futhi lucebile kuma-polysaccharides ane-acidic njenge-pectin, ekhiqiza kancane kancane i-cellulose ne-hemicellulose. Amaseli ahlukanisa abe amaseli e-xylem ahlukile (imicu yokhuni, ama-tracheid nemikhumbi, njll.). Lapho ungqimba lwe-S1 lodonga lwesibili lwakhiwe, i-lignin iqala ukwakha kusuka emagumbini odonga oluyinhloko. Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi i-lignification. Ngokuvuthwa kwezicubu zezitshalo, i-lignification ikhula ibheke kungqimba lwe-intercellular, udonga oluyisisekelo nodonga lwesibili. I-Lignin ifakwa kancane kancane phakathi naphakathi kwezindonga zamaseli, ibopha amaseli namaseli ndawonye. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwezindonga zamangqamuzana ezitshalo, i-lignin ingena ezindongeni zamangqamuzana, ikhulise ubulukhuni bezindonga zamangqamuzana, ikhuthaze ukwakheka kwezicubu zemishini, futhi ithuthukise amandla emishini namandla okuthwala umthwalo wamangqamuzana ezitshalo nezicubu; I-Lignin yenza udonga lwamangqamuzana lube yi-hydrophobic futhi yenza amangqamuzana esitshalo angabonakali, anikeze isiqinisekiso esinokwethenjelwa sokuthutha okude kwamanzi, amaminerali kanye nezinto eziphilayo emzimbeni wesitshalo; Ukungena kwe-lignin odongeni lwamaseli nakho kwakha isithiyo esingokomzimba, kuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlasela kwezifo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo; Ivimbela ama-molecule e-conduction ku-xylem ekuphumeni kwamanzi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yenza izitshalo zasemhlabeni zikwazi ukuphila endaweni eyomile, okuthuthukisa ukumelana nezifo kwesitshalo. I-Lignin ibamba iqhaza ekubopheni i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose nosawoti we-inorganic (ikakhulukazi i-silicate) ezitshalweni.
Izinto ezithinta ukubola kwe-lignin zihlanganisa i-pH yenhlabathi, umswakama kanye nezimo zezulu. Ezinye izici, njengokutholakala kwe-nitrogen ne-mineralogy yomhlabathi, nazo zinomthelela. I-adsorption ye-Fe ne-Al oxides ku-lignin inganciphisa ukubola kwe-lignin.