Idethi yokuthunyelwe:6,May,2024
Imithombo yodaka ihlukile, futhi izingxenye zayo nazo zihlukile. Udaka esihlabathini sikakhonkolo namatshe ahlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: impushana ye-limestone, ubumba, ne-calcium carbonate. Phakathi kwazo, impushana yamatshe yizinhlayiya ezinhle esihlabathini esikhiqiziwe esinosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingaphansi kuka-75 μm. Yidwala elifanayo lomzali njengesihlabathi esikhiqiziwe futhi linokwakheka okufanayo kwamaminerali. Ingxenye eyinhloko yi-CaCO3, eyingxenye yokwakheka kwe-gradation yesihlabathi esikhiqizwayo.
(1) Ucwaningo ngesimiso sokusebenza sempushana yodaka ne-polycarboxylic acid enciphisa amanzi:
Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani i-powder yodaka ithinta ukhonkolo oxutshwe ne-lignosulfonate kanye nama-agent okunciphisa amanzi asekelwe ku-naphthalene ukuncintisana kwe-adsorption phakathi kwe-powder yodaka nosimende. Akukabikho incazelo ebumbene ngesimiso sokusebenza sempushana yodaka ne-polycarboxylic acid ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi. Ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi isimiso sokusebenza sempushana yodaka ne-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi siyafana nesikasimende. I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi ikhangiswa phezu kukasimende noma impushana yodaka ngamaqembu e-anionic. Umehluko wukuthi inani kanye nesilinganiso sokukhangisa kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi nge-powder yodaka sikhulu kakhulu kunesimende. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo ephakeme ethize ephezulu kanye nesakhiwo esinezingqimba zamaminerali obumba nawo athatha amanzi amaningi futhi anciphise amanzi amahhala ku-slurry, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kokhonkolo.
(2) Imiphumela yamaminerali ahlukene ekusebenzeni kwezinciphisi zamanzi:
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi udaka lobumba kuphela olunokwanda okuphawulekayo nokumuncwa kwamanzi oluzoba nomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kokusebenza kanye nezakhiwo zikakhonkolo kamuva. Udaka olujwayelekile lobumba kumaqoqo ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa i-kaolin, i-illite ne-montmorillonite. Uhlobo olufanayo lwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi lunokuzwela okuhlukile kuma-powder odaka anezingxube ezihlukahlukene zamaminerali, futhi lo mehluko ubaluleke kakhulu ekukhethweni kwama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi aphikisana nodaka kanye nama-anti-daka.
(3) Umthelela wempushana yodaka ezimpahleni zikakhonkolo:
Ukusebenza kokusebenza kokhonkolo akuthinti nje kuphela ukwakheka kokhonkolo, kodwa futhi kuthinta izakhiwo zemishini kamuva nokuqina kokhonkolo. Umthamo wezinhlayiya zempushana yodaka awuzinzile, uyancipha lapho womile futhi uyanda lapho umanzi. Njengoba okuqukethwe kodaka kukhula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi ye-polycarboxylate noma i-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi esekelwe ku-naphthalene, izonciphisa izinga lokunciphisa amanzi, amandla, nokuwa kokhonkolo. Ukuwa, njll., kuletha umonakalo omkhulu kukhonkolo. Izinga likazwelonke elithi "Sand for Construction" (GB/T14684-2011) libeka ukuthi lapho izinga likakhonkolo lamandla e-C30 noma kukhona ukumelana nesithwathwa, i-anti-seepage noma ezinye izidingo ezikhethekile, okuqukethwe kwempuphu yodaka esihlabathini semvelo akufanele kudlule i-3.0 %, kanti isigaxa sodaka akufanele sidlule u-1.0 %; lapho izinga lamandla kakhonkolo lingaphansi kwe-C30, okuqukethwe kwe-powder yodaka akufanele kudlule i-5.0% futhi okuqukethwe kwe-block block akufanele kudlule i-2.0%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2024
