Umhla wokuThumela:7,Nov,2022
Indima ye-concrete admixtures kukuphucula iipropati zokuhamba kwekhonkrithi kunye nokunciphisa inani lezinto zesamente kwikhonkrithi. Ke ngoko, imixube yekhonkrithi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokwakha.
Indlela yokusebenza ye-concrete admixtures:
I-admixtures esekwe kwi-naphthalene-based admixtures kunye ne-polycarboxylate-based admixtures zikhompawundi ze-organic ezinobunzima obuphezulu be-molecular (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1500-10000) kwaye iyingxenye ye-surfactants.
I-molecule ye-surfactant ine-bipolar structure, enye isiphelo liqela le-non-polar lipophilic (okanye i-non-polar hydrophobic group), kunye nesinye isiphelo liqela le-polar hydrophilic. Emva kokuba i-surfactant inyibilikisiwe emanzini, inokudlala imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enje ngokusasaza, ukumanzisa, ukufaka i-emulsifying, ukukhupha amagwebu kunye nokuhlamba ngelixa unciphisa ukuxinezeleka komphezulu.
A. Adsorption-ukusasazwa
I-fluidity yomxube wekhonkrithi ixhomekeke kubungakanani bamanzi asimahla kwikhonkrithi. Emva kokuba i-admixture ifakwe kwikhonkrithi, iinqununu ze-samente zihlakaza omnye nomnye ngenxa ye-adsorption ye-adsorption ye-admixture molecules ebusweni be-cement particles, okubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwabo. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo se-flocculation se-samente sitshabalaliswa, kwaye umthamo omkhulu wamanzi akhululekile ukhululwa, okwandisa kakhulu umbane womxube wekhonkrithi.
B. Ukumanzisa
Ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa kolwalathiso lweeamolekyu ze-admixture ebusweni bamaqhekeza e-samente, ifilimu yamanzi e-monomolecular solvated yenziwa. Le filimu yamanzi yandisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamaqhekeza e-samente kunye namanzi kwelinye icala, kwaye ibe nefuthe elithile lokumanzisa kwelinye icala. Ngoko ke, i-samente igcwele ngokupheleleyo kwaye amandla e-samente akhula ngokukhawuleza.
Imisebenzi esisiseko yemixube yekhonkrithi:
1. Ngaphandle kokunciphisa iyunithi yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, umlinganiselo we-water-binder uhlala ungatshintshi, ophucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi entsha kunye nokuphucula umbane; ngenxa yendawo yoqhagamshelwano eyongeziweyo phakathi kweengqungquthela zesamente kunye namanzi, i-samente igcwele i-hydrated ngokupheleleyo, nangona i-water-binder ratio I-Invariant, amandla ekhonkrithi ahlala ephucula okuthile.
2. Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokugcina iqondo elithile lomsebenzi, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wokubopha amanzi, kunye nokuphucula amandla ekhonkrithi.
3. Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokugcina amandla athile, ukunciphisa inani lezinto ze-cementitious, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ukugcina umlinganiselo we-water-binder ungatshintshi, kwaye ugcine i-samente kunye nezinye izinto ze-cementitious.
Uwufumana njani ngokufanelekileyo kwaye usebenzise imixube yekhonkrithi:
Ukuthenga ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa imixube kunokuvelisa ixabiso elikhulu kwezoqoqosho kunye nezobugcisa. Akunakuphucula kuphela amandla ekhonkrithi, kodwa nokunciphisa ixabiso lomxube wekhonkrithi.
Indlela ethile yile ilandelayo:
a. Ikhonkco lovavanyo
Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo lwezalathi zobugcisa ezahlukeneyo ze-admixtures likhonkco elibalulekileyo ngaphambi kokuthenga thethwano. Ngovavanyo, imigangatho yokufaneleka yezibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa bomxube kufuneka zinqunywe. Kubandakanywa umxholo oqinileyo we-admixtures, izinga lokunciphisa amanzi, ubuninzi, ubuninzi be-slurry fluid, izinga lokunciphisa amanzi ekhonkrithi kunye nezinye izibonakaliso zobugcisa. Kucetyiswa ukuba izinga lokuncitshiswa kwamanzi elikhonkrithi lisetyenziswe njengesalathisi esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa inqanaba lomgangatho we-admixtures.
b. Ukuthengwa kwempahla
Emva kokuba i-criteria yokufaneleka ye-admixtures icaciswe, uthethathethwano lokuthengwa kwempahla lungaqala. Kucetyiswa ukuba abavelisi be-admixture bameme iibhidi ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo egqitywe luvavanyo. Kwimeko yokuba umgangatho wokubonelela nge-admixture awukho ngaphantsi kweemfuno zebhidi, umthengisi uya kumiselwa ngokomgaqo wokuphumelela ibhidi ngexabiso eliphantsi.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhethwa abavelisi bekhonkrithi admixture kufuneka baqwalasele ngokubanzi isikali somvelisi wemveliso, umgama wothutho, umthamo wothutho, amava okubonelela kunye nomgangatho wokubonelela ngezityalo zokuxuba ezinkulu okanye iiprojekthi zobunjineli ezinkulu, kunye nezakhono zenkonzo emva kokuthengisa. kunye namanqanaba. Njengomqondiso omnye wokuhlola umenzi.
c. Ikhonkco lokuvuma
Isikhululo sokuxuba kufuneka sivavanye i-admixtures phambi kokuba i-admixtures ifakwe kwisitoreji, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo zingafakwa kwisitoreji kuphela emva kokuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifanelekile ngokwemigangatho esayinwe kwimvumelwano. Kunconywa ukwahlula phakathi kwezikhombisi eziphambili kunye nezalathi zokubhekisela. Ngokusebenzisa ixesha elide, umbhali ukholelwa ukuba izikhombisi eziphambili ze-admixtures ziyizinga lokunciphisa amanzi (udaka) kunye nesantya sokunciphisa amanzi; Izalathi zesalathiso bubunzima (ubunzima obuthile), umxholo oqinileyo kunye nokuguquguquka kwentlama yesamente. Ngenxa yexesha lokuvavanya, izibonakaliso zobugcisa ezivavanywa ngokubanzi kwikhonkco lokuvuma ukuxinana, ubuninzi be-sement paste kunye nezinga lokunciphisa amanzi (udaka).
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-07-2022
