Umhla wokuThunyelwa: 6, Jun, 2022

Ekuqaleni, umxube wawusetyenziselwa ukugcina isamente kuphela. Ngophuhliso lobugcisa bokwakha, i-admixture ibe ngumlinganiselo oyintloko wokuphucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi.

Ndiyabulela kwi-superplasticizers, i-concrete ehamba phambili, i-self-compacting concrete, i-concrete ephezulu yamandla isetyenziswa; sibulela kwii-thickeners, iipropati zekhonkrithi zangaphantsi kwamanzi ziphuculwe: ngenxa ye-retarders, ixesha lokumisela i-samente lide, kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ilahleko ye-slump kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza lokwakha: ngenxa ye-antifreeze, indawo yokukhenkcela yesisombululo. inokwehliswa, okanye ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sekristale yomkhenkce akuyi kubangela umonakalo womkhenkce. Kunokwenzeka kuphela ukwenza ukwakhiwa phantsi kweqondo lokushisa elibi.

Ngokubanzi, i-admixtures ineempembelelo ezilandelayo ekuphuculeni iimpawu zekhonkrithi:

 1. Inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwekhonkrithi. Okanye ukwandisa umbane wekhonkrithi ngaphandle kokunyusa umthamo wamanzi.

2. Ixesha lokumisela ikhonkrithi linokuhlengahlengiswa.

3. Ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kunye nokwahlula. Ukuphucula ukusetyenzwa kunye nokumelana nokukhutshwa kwamanzi.

4. Ilahleko yokudodobala ingancitshiswa. Ukwandisa ukumpompa kwekhonkrithi emponthiweyo.

5. Ukuncipha kunokuncitshiswa. Ukongeza i-agent yobuninzi kunokubuyisela ukucutheka.

6. Libazise ubushushu bokuqala bekhonkrithi. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokunyuka kwekhonkrithi eninzi kunye nokunciphisa ukuvela kweentanda.

7. Ukuphucula amandla okuqala ekhonkrithi. Thintela iqhwa phantsi kobushushu obungalunganga.

8. Ukuphucula amandla, ukwandisa ukumelana neqabaka, ukunganyangeki, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokumelana nokubola.

9. Lawula i-alkali-aggregate reaction. Thintela ukubola kwentsimbi kunye nokunciphisa i-chloride ion diffusion.

10. Yenziwe ngekhonkrithi kunye nezinye iimpawu ezikhethekileyo.

11. Ukunciphisa i-viscosity coefficient yekhonkrithi, njl.

 Emva kokongeza i-admixtures kwikhonkrithi, ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, iziphumo nazo zihluke, ezininzi zazo ziziphumo zomzimba, ezifana ne-adsorption ebusweni beengqungquthela zesamente ukwenza ifilimu ye-adsorption, eguqula amandla kwaye ivelise ukufunxa okuhlukeneyo okanye ukunyanzeliswa; Ukutshabalalisa isakhiwo se-flocculation, ukuphucula ukuzinza kwe-cement diffusion system, kunye nokuphucula iimeko ze-cement hydration: ezinye zinokwenza isakhiwo se-macromolecular kwaye sitshintshe isimo se-adsorption ebusweni beengqungquthela ze-cement; abanye banokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphezulu kunye namandla angaphezulu kwamanzi, njl.

Ngenxa yokuba i-admixture inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi, kwaye ineenzuzo ezintle zoqoqosho. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumazwe amaninzi kwaye iye yaba yinto eyimfuneko kwikhonkrithi. Ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kokunciphisa amandla aphezulu. Iinqununu ze-samente zinokusasazwa ngokupheleleyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuncitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye amandla e-samente asetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, ilitye le-samente lixinene kakhulu, kwaye ubume bepore kunye ne-microstructure yendawo yojongano iphuculwe kakuhle, ukwenzela ukuba iipropati ezibonakalayo kunye nezomatshini zekhonkrithi ziphuculwe kakhulu, nokuba kukungangeni kwamanzi, okanye i-chloride ion diffusion. , carbonization, kunye ne-sulfate corrosion resistance. . Kanye nokuchasa impembelelo, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nezinye iinkalo zingcono kunekhonkrithi ngaphandle kwe-admixtures, kungekhona nje ukuphucula amandla, ukuphucula ukusebenza. Kwakhona kunokuphucula ukuqina kwekhonkrithi. Kunokwenzeka kuphela ukwenza ikhonkrithi ephezulu yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu ngokuxuba i-superplasticizers.