Umhla wokuPoswa:30,NgoNovemba,2022

A. I-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi

Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwekhonkrithi kunye nokuphucula umbane wekhonkrithi phantsi kwemeko yokugcina i-binder ratio yamanzi ingatshintshi, ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuthutha kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhonkrithi. Uninzi lwemixube yokunciphisa amanzi inedosi egcweleyo. Ukuba i-dosage egcweleyo igqithiswe, izinga lokunciphisa amanzi aliyi kunyuka, kwaye ukuphuma kwegazi kunye nokwahlula kuya kwenzeka. Idosi egcweleyo inxulumene nazo zombini izixhobo ezikrwada zekhonkrithi kunye nomlinganiselo womxube wekhonkrithi.

 

1. Naphthalene superplasticizer

Naphthalene superplasticizerinokwahlulwa ibe yimveliso yoxinaniso oluphezulu (i-Na2SO4 umxholo<3%), iimveliso zoxinzelelo oluphakathi (i-Na2SO4 umxholo we-3% ~ 10%) kunye nemveliso ye-concentration ephantsi (i-Na2SO4 umxholo> i-10%) ngokuhambelana nomxholo we-Na2SO4. Uluhlu lwe-dosage ye-naphthalene series water reducer: i-powder yi-0.5 ~ 1.0% yobunzima be-samente; Umxholo oqinileyo wesisombululo ngokuqhelekileyo ngu-38% ~ 40%, isixa sokuxuba si-1.5% ~ 2.5% yomgangatho we-samente, kwaye izinga lokunciphisa amanzi li-18% ~ 25%. Isinciphisi samanzi seNaphthalene asikophi umoya, kwaye sinempembelelo encinci kwixesha lokumisela. Inokudityaniswa ne-sodium gluconate, iswekile, i-hydroxycarboxylic acid kunye neetyuwa, i-citric acid kunye ne-inorganic retarder, kunye nenani elifanelekileyo le-ejenti yokungenisa umoya, ukulahleka kwe-slump kunokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukungalungi kwe-concentration ephantsi ye-naphthalene series water reducer kukuba umxholo we-sodium sulfate mkhulu. Xa ubushushu bungaphantsi kwe-15 ℃, icrystallization ye-sodium sulfate iyenzeka.

 

2. Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer

Polycarboxylic acidumnciphisi wamanzi uthathwa njengesizukulwana esitsha somnciphisi wamanzi osebenza kakhulu, kwaye abantu bahlala belindele ukuba kukhuseleke, kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kuguquguquke ngakumbi kunesiqhelo se-naphthalene series water reducer kwisicelo. Izibonelelo zokusebenza ze-polycarboxylic acid uhlobo lwe-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi zibonakaliswa ikakhulu kwi-dosage ephantsi (0.15% ~ 0.25% (converted solids), izinga eliphezulu lokucutha amanzi (ngokuqhelekileyo 25% ~ 35%), ukugcinwa kakuhle kwe-slump, ukushwabana okuphantsi, umoya othile. ukuqeqeshwa, kunye nomxholo wealkali ophantsi kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni,polycarboxylic acidisinciphisi samanzi siya kuhlangabezana neengxaki ezithile, ezinje: 1. Isiphumo sokunciphisa amanzi sixhomekeke kwizinto ezingasetyenziswanga kunye nomxube womxube wekhonkrithi, kwaye uchatshazelwa kakhulu sisiqulatho sentlenga yentlabathi namatye kunye nomgangatho wemixube yezimbiwa; 2. Ukunciphisa amanzi kunye nemiphumo yokugcina i-slump ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-dosage ye-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi, kwaye kunzima ukugcina i-slump kunye ne-dosage ephantsi; 3. Ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye ukuqina kokuqina okuphezulu kunomthamo omkhulu wokuxutywa, obuthathaka kusetyenziso lwamanzi, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunokubangela utshintsho olukhulu kwi-slump; 4. Kukho ingxaki yokuhambelana nezinye iintlobo ze-agent zokunciphisa amanzi kunye nezinye izixube, okanye akukho siphumo se-superposition; 5. Ngamanye amaxesha ikhonkrithi inamanzi amakhulu okopha, ukungena komoya okunzulu, kunye namaqamza amakhulu kunye namaqamza amaninzi; 6. Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho lobushushu luya kuchaphazela umphumo wepolycarboxylic acidisinciphisi samanzi.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukuhambelana kwesamente kunyepolycarboxylic acidumnciphisi wamanzi: 1. Umlinganiselo weC3A / C4AF kunye neC3S / C2S ukwanda, ukuhambelana kuncipha, i-C3A yanda, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwekhonkrithi kwanda. Xa umxholo wayo ungaphezu kwe-8%, ilahleko ye-slump yekhonkrithi iyanda; 2. Umxholo omkhulu kakhulu okanye omncinci kakhulu we-alkali uya kuchaphazela kakubi ukuhambelana kwabo; 3. Umgangatho ombi womxube wesamente nawo uya kuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwezi zibini; 4. Iifom zegypsum ezahlukeneyo; 5. Isamente yobushushu obuphezulu inokubangela ukusetwa okukhawulezileyo xa ubushushu bungaphezu kwama-80 ℃; 6. Isamente entsha inepropathi yombane eyomeleleyo kunye nokukwazi ukufunxa isinciphisi samanzi; 7. Indawo ethile yendawo yesamente.