Umhla wokuThumela:26,Dec,2022
1. Izixube zeConcrete eziNcitshiswa Amanzi
Imixube yokunciphisa amanzi ziimveliso zekhemikhali ezithi xa zongezwa kwikhonkrithi zikwazi ukwenza i-slump efunwayo kumlinganiselo ophantsi wesamente wamanzi kunoko kuyilwe ngokuqhelekileyo. I-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi isetyenziselwa ukufumana amandla athile ekhonkrithi usebenzisa umxholo ophantsi wesamente. Iziqulatho zesamente ezisezantsi zikhokelela ekukhutshweni okuphantsi kweCO2 kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngomthamo wekhonkrithi eveliswayo. Ngolu hlobo lwe-admixture, iipropati eziphathekayo ziphuculwe kwaye zinceda ukubeka ikhonkrithi phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Izinciphisi zamanzi zisetyenzisiwe ikakhulu kwiidekhi zeebhulorho, uphahla lwekhonkrithi olusezantsi, kunye nekhonkrithi yokuchwetheza. Inkqubela phambili yamva nje kwitekhnoloji ye-admixture ikhokelele ekuphuhlisweni kwezinciphisi zamanzi kuluhlu oluphakathi.
2. Concrete Admixtures: Superplasticizers
Injongo ephambili yokusebenzisa i-superplasticizers kukuvelisa ikhonkrithi ehambayo kunye ne-slump ephezulu kuluhlu lwee-intshi ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezilithoba eziza kusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo eziqiniswe kakhulu kunye nokubekwa apho ukudibanisa okwaneleyo ngokungcangcazela akunakufumaneka lula. Esinye isicelo esikhulu kukuveliswa kwekhonkrithi ephezulu yokuqina kwi-w / c ukusuka kwi-0.3 ukuya kwi-0.4. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kwiintlobo ezininzi zesamente, i-superplasticizer iphucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi. Enye ingxaki enxulumene nokusebenzisa isinciphisi samanzi soluhlu oluphezulu kwikhonkrithi yilahleko yokuthotywa. Ikhonkrithi ephezulu yokusebenza equlathe i-superplasticizer inokwenziwa ngokumelana nokunyibilika okuphezulu komkhenkce, kodwa umxholo womoya kufuneka unyuswe ngokumalunga nekhonkrithi ngaphandle kwe-superplasticizer.
3. Concrete Admixtures: Set-Retarding
Imixube yekhonkrithi ehlehliswayo isetyenziselwa ukulibazisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali okwenzeka xa ikhonkrithi iqalisa inkqubo yokumisela. Ezi ntlobo ze-concrete admixtures ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukunciphisa umphumo wokushisa okuphezulu kunokuvelisa ukuseta ngokukhawuleza kokuqala kwekhonkrithi. Imixube yokubuyisela umva isetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwendlela yekhonkrithi, evumela ixesha elingakumbi lokugqibezela iipavumente zekhonkrithi, ukunciphisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokubeka iplanti yebhetshi entsha yekhonkrithi kwindawo yomsebenzi kwaye inceda ekupheliseni amajoyina abandayo kwikonkrithi. I-retarders ingasetyenziselwa ukuxhathisa ukuqhekeka ngenxa yokuphambuka kwefom enokuthi yenzeke xa ii-slabs ezinqamlekileyo zibekwe kumacandelo. Uninzi lwabacuphi baphinda basebenze njengabanciphisi bamanzi kwaye banokufaka umoya othile kwikhonkrithi
4. Ii-Concrete Admixtures: Air-Entraining Agent
Ikhonkrithi yokungenisa umoya inokonyusa ukuqina kokunyibilika kwekhonkrithi. Olu hlobo lwe-admixture luvelisa ikhonkrithi esebenzayo ngakumbi kunekhonkrithi engavumelekanga ngelixa inciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kunye nokwahlulwa kwekhonkrithi entsha. Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa kwekhonkrithi kwisenzo seqabaka esiqatha okanye imijikelo yokukhenkceza/yokunyibilika. Ezinye iingenelo kulo mdibaniso zezi:
a. Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwimijikelo yokumanzisa kunye nokomisa
b. Iqondo eliphezulu lokusebenza
c. Iqondo eliphezulu lokuqina
Amaqamza omoya afakiweyo asebenza njengesithinteli somzimba ngokuchasene nokuqhekeka okubangelwa luxinzelelo ngenxa yokwanda komthamo wamanzi kumaqondo omkhenkce. Ii-admixtures zokuzonwabisa zomoya zihambelana phantse nazo zonke i-concrete admixtures. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwipesenti enye yomoya odibeneyo, amandla oxinzelelo aya kuncitshiswa malunga neepesenti ezintlanu.
5. Imixube yeConcrete: Ukukhawulezisa
I-shrinkage yokunciphisa i-concrete admixtures yongezwa kwikhonkrithi ngexesha lokuxuba kokuqala. Olu hlobo lomxube lunokunciphisa ukomisa kwangethuba nangexesha elide. I-Shrinkage yokunciphisa i-admixtures ingasetyenziselwa kwiimeko apho ukuqhekeka kwe-shrinkage kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuqina okanye apho amanani amaninzi adibeneyo adibeneyo angafunekiyo ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho okanye zobugcisa. I-shrinkage yokunciphisa i-admixtures, kwezinye iimeko, inokunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwamandla kokubili kwiminyaka yokuqala kunye nasemva kwexesha.
I-6.Ii-Concrete Admixtures: Ukunciphisa i-Shrinkage
Izixube zekhonkrithi zokunciphisa i-shrinkage zongezwa kwikhonkrithi ngexesha lokuxuba kokuqala. Olu hlobo lomxube lunokunciphisa ukomisa kwangethuba nangexesha elide. I-Shrinkage yokunciphisa i-admixtures ingasetyenziselwa kwiimeko apho ukuqhekeka kwe-shrinkage kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokuqina okanye apho amanani amaninzi adibeneyo adibeneyo angafunekiyo ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho okanye zobugcisa. I-shrinkage yokunciphisa i-admixtures, kwezinye iimeko, inokunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwamandla kokubili kwiminyaka yokuqala kunye nasemva kwexesha.
7. Concrete Admixtures: Corrosion-Inhibiting
I-Corrosion-inhibiting admixtures iwela kwi-specialty admixture category kwaye isetyenziselwa ukucotha ukubola kwentsimbi yokuqinisa kwikhonkrithi. I-Corrosion inhibitors inokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokulondolozwa kwezakhiwo zekhonkrithi ezomeleziweyo kubo bonke ubomi benkonzo obuqhelekileyo beminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Ezinye ii-admixtures ezikhethekileyo ziquka i-admixtures yokunciphisa i-shrinkage kunye ne-alkali-silica reactivity inhibitors. I-Corrosion-inhibiting admixtures inefuthe elincinci kumandla kwiminyaka yamva kodwa inokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamandla kwangoko. I-Calcium nitrite esekelwe kwi-corrosion inhibitors iyakukhawulezisa amaxesha okumisela iikhonkrithi phezu koluhlu lwamaqondo okushisa okunyanga ngaphandle kokuba zenziwe nge-retarder emiselweyo ukuphelisa umphumo wokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-27-2022
