Umhla wokuThumela:15,Epreli,2024
Uhlalutyo lwendima yemixube yekhonkrithi:
I-concrete admixture yikhemikhali eyongeziweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiselela ikhonkrithi. Inokutshintsha iipropati ezibonakalayo kunye nokusebenza kwekhonkrithi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi. Okokuqala, i-concrete admixtures idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni iipropati eziphathekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iphucula amandla kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi. Ngokongeza inani elifanelekileyo lemixube efana nee-agent zokuqinisa kunye ne-retarders, amandla oxinzelelo, amandla okunyamezela kunye nokumelana nokuqhaqhazela kwekhonkrithi kunokwandiswa, kunye neempawu zomatshini ezipheleleyo zekhonkrithi zinokuphuculwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuphucula ukuxhathisa imichiza yekhonkrithi. Ngokomzekelo, ukongeza i-admixtures efana ne-agent yokungangeni kwamanzi kunye nezilondolozo kunokunciphisa ukungena komswakama kunye neekhemikhali kwikhonkrithi kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kunye nobomi benkonzo yekhonkrithi. Okwesibini, imixube yekhonkrithi idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi. Ukusebenza okusebenzayo kubhekiselele kwiplastiki, ukumanzi kunye nokuthululwa kwekhonkrithi ngexesha lokwakha. Ngokudibanisa i-admixtures efana ne-agent yokunciphisa amanzi, i-tackifiers kunye ne-plasticizers, i-fluidity kunye ne-adhesion ye-concrete ingatshintshwa, iyenze ibe neplastiki engcono kunye ne-fluidity, ukwenza imisebenzi yokwakha kunye nokugalela lula. Ukongeza, ukongeza i-admixtures efana ne-agent ye-foam kunye ne-stabilizers inokulawula umxholo we-bubble kunye nokuzinza kwekhonkrithi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zobunjineli ezahlukeneyo.
Uphando kumanyathelo athile okusetyenziswa kwemixube yekhonkrithi:
(1) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi
Ngokwembono yokusebenza kwe-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi, isiphumo sayo sokunciphisa amanzi sibonakala ngakumbi, kwaye sineentsingiselo zobugcisa ezityebileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthotywa ngokubanzi kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuba unokudibanisa iingenelo ze-agent zokunciphisa amanzi, unokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umthamo wamanzi asetyenziswayo kwiyunithi kwaye unciphise umlinganiselo wesamente yamanzi ngokubanzi, ngaloo ndlela ufezekise injongo yophuhliso. yokuphucula amandla esakhiwo sekhonkrithi. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwale ndlela kunokuphucula ngakumbi ubuninzi kunye nokuqina kwezinto eziphathekayo. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokubanzi kwezinto eziphathekayo zihlala zingatshintshi, zidibene kunye neenzuzo ze-agent zokunciphisa amanzi, umbane wezinto eziphathekayo unokuphuculwa ngakumbi. Ngoxa ugcina uzinzo lwamandla ekhonkrithi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi kunokufezekisa injongo yokuphuhlisa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-samente. Ukunciphisa utyalo-mali olungeyomfuneko lweendleko zokwakha nokunciphisa inkcitho yeendleko. Kwinqanaba langoku, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa amanzi ziye zavela kwiimarike. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-agent zokunciphisa amanzi zineentlukwano ezicacileyo ngokugqithisileyo malunga nobubanzi besicelo kunye nemiphumo yokusetyenziswa. Abasebenzi kufuneka bawasebenzise ngokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yokwenyani kwisiza.
(2) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-arhente yokomeleza kwangaphambili
I-arhente yamandla yangaphambili ifaneleka kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwebusika okanye iiprojekthi zokulungisa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ubushushu bendawo yokwakha bufunyaniswa buphezulu, okanye iqondo lobushushu lingaphantsi kwe -5℃, le ngxubevange ayinakusetyenziswa. Kwizixhobo zekhonkrithi ezinomthamo omkhulu, inani elikhulu lobushushu be-hydration liya kukhutshwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye ii-agent zamandla zakuqala azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa. Kwinqanaba langoku, ezona arhente zamandla zisetyenziswa kakhulu zi-agent zamandla zakuqala ze-sulfate kunye ne-chloride yamandla okuqala. Phakathi kwabo, eyona nzuzo icacileyo yi-agent ye-chlorine yetyuwa yokuqala, equlethe i-sodium chloride, i-calcium chloride kunye nezinye izinto. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwe-arhente yamandla okuqala, i-calcium chloride inokusabela ngokwekhemikhali kunye namacandelo ahambelanayo kwi-samente, ikhulise ngakumbi umlinganiselo wesigaba esiqinileyo kwilitye le-samente, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwesakhiwo samatye e-samente. Emva kokugqiba umxholo womsebenzi ongentla, unokunciphisa ingxaki yamanzi amaninzi akhululekile kwikhonkrithi kumsebenzi wendabuko, ukunciphisa impembelelo ye-porosity, kwaye ufezekise ngokwenene iinjongo zophuhliso lwamandla aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-agent ye-chlorine yetyuwa yokuqala inokuthi ibe nefuthe elithile elonakalisayo kwisakhiwo sentsimbi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ngenxa yale ngxaki, olu hlobo lwe-admixture alufanelekanga kwimisebenzi yolwakhiwo lwekhonkrithi ene-prestressed. Kuphando malunga nee-agent zamandla e-sulfate zakuqala, i-arhente yamandla e-sodium sulfate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-ejenti yamandla yasekuqaleni. Ukuqwalasela kwiimpawu zayo, inokumelana okunamandla kwamanzi. Kwaye xa ixutywe kwimathiriyeli yekhonkrithi, inokuphinda ingene kuthotho lweekhemikhali zokusabela namanye amacandelo kwisamente, ekugqibeleni ivelise i-hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate efunekayo. Emva kokuba le nto ivelisiwe, inokukhawulezisa ngakumbi ukuqina kwesantya sesamente. I-Chloride ityuwa yamandla eejenti zakwangoko kunye ne-sulfate eyomeleza i-ejenti zakwangoko zi-inorganic salts-early-forth agents. Ukuba umsebenzi ohambelanayo kufuneka uqhutywe kumaqondo aphezulu aphezulu, le arhente yamandla okuqala ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa. Kweyona nkqubo yokusetyenziswa, abasebenzi kufuneka badibanise iimpawu zearhente zamandla zakwangoko kunye nemeko yokwenyani kwisiza ukukhetha eyona arhente yamandla ifanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-17-2024
