Umhla wokuThumela:16,Oct,2023
Amagama esamente, ikhonkrithi, nodaka anokubabhida abo basaqalayo, kodwa umahluko osisiseko kukuba isamente ngumgubo odityanisiweyo ocolekileyo (ongazange usetyenziswe wodwa), udaka lwenziwe ngesamente nesanti, kwaye ikhonkrithi yenziwe isamente, isanti, negrabile. Ukongeza kwizithako zabo ezahlukeneyo, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwahluke kakhulu. Noosomashishini abasebenza ngezi zixhobo mihla le banokuwabhidanisa la magama ngolwimi oluxubeneyo, nanjengoko isamente idla ngokusetyenziswa xa ithetha ngeconcrete.
Isamente
Isamente likhonkco phakathi kwekhonkrithi kunye nodaka. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-limestone, udongwe, amaqokobhe kunye nesanti ye-silica. Ezo zixhobo ziyatyunyuzwa zize zixutywe nezinye izithako, kuquka intsimbi ekrwada, emva koko zifudunyezwe ukuya kutsho kuma-2,700 degrees Fahrenheit. Le nto, ebizwa ngokuba yi-clinker, iyagutywa ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo.
Unokubona isamente ekubhekiselwa kuyo njengesamente yasePortland. Kungenxa yokuba yaqala ukwenziwa eNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-19 nguLeeds mason uJoseph Aspdin, owafanisa umbala nelitye elisuka kwikwari kwisiqithi sasePortland, kude nonxweme lwaseNgilani.
Namhlanje, i-samente yasePortland iseyeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Yisamente "hydraulic", nto leyo ethetha nje ukuba iyaseta kwaye iqine xa idityaniswe namanzi.
Ekhonkrithi
Ehlabathini lonke, ikhonkrithi idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesiseko esomeleleyo kunye neziseko ezingundoqo phantse kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwesakhiwo. Ikhethekile kuba iqala nje ngomxube olula, owomileyo, emva koko ibe lulwelo, imathiriyeli enwebekayo enokwenza nakuphi na ukungunda okanye imilo, ize ekugqibeleni ibe yinto eqinileyo efana nelitye esiyibiza ngokuba ikhonkrithi.
Ikhonkrithi ibandakanya isamente, isanti, igrabile okanye ezinye iiaggregates ezicolekileyo okanye ezirhabaxa. Ukongezwa kwamanzi kuvula isamente, eyona nto inoxanduva lokubopha umxube kunye ukwenza into eqinileyo.
Ungathenga imixube yekhonkrithi esele yenziwe kwiingxowa ezixuba isamente, isanti, kunye negrabile kunye, kwaye konke okufuneka ukwenze kukongeza amanzi.
Ezi ziluncedo kwiiprojekthi ezincinci, ezinje ngeepali zokubiyela i-ankile okanye ezinye izinto. Kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, ungathenga iingxowa zesamente kwaye uzixube nesanti kunye negrabile ngokwakho kwikiriva okanye esinye isikhongozeli esikhulu, okanye u-odole ikhonkrithi exutyiweyo kwaye uhanjiswe kwaye ugalelwe.
Udaka
Udaka lwenziwe ngesamente nesanti. Xa amanzi exutywe nale mveliso, i-samente iyasebenza. Ngelixa ikhonkrithi ingasetyenziswa yodwa, udaka lusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa izitena, ilitye, okanye amanye amacandelo anzima. Ukuxuba i-cement, ngoko, ngokuchanekileyo, kubhekisela ekusebenziseni i-samente ukuxuba udaka okanye ikhonkrithi.
Ekwakhiweni kwendawo yezitena, udaka lusetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha phakathi kwezitena, nangona kulo mzekelo alusoloko lusetyenziswa. Kwimimandla esemantla, umzekelo, udaka luqhekeka ngokulula ebusika, ngoko izitena zinokunamathela ngokusondeleyo, okanye isanti yongezwa phakathi kwazo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-16-2023
