Umhla wokuPoswa:11, Sep,2023

Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1980, imixube, ubukhulu becala, ii-arhente zokunciphisa amanzi ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ziye zakhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe zaze zasetyenziswa kwimarike yekhonkrithi yasekhaya, ngakumbi kwikonkrithi eyomelele kakhulu kunye nekhonkrithi emponthiweyo, kwaye ibe zizinto eziyimfuneko. Njengoko uMalhotra wabonisayo kwiNkomfa yokuqala yeZizwe ngezizwe kwi-Concrete Admixtures: "Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-agent esebenzayo yokunciphisa amanzi yinto ebalulekileyo kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yekhonkrithi kwi-20th inkulungwane." Kwakukho ukuphumelela okumbalwa okubalulekileyo kwitheknoloji yekhonkrithi kwiminyaka, enye yazo yayiluphuhliso lomoya odibeneyo kwiminyaka ye-1940, eyatshintsha ubuso beteknoloji yekhonkrithi eMntla Melika;Superplasticizeryenye impumelelo enkulu eya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwekhonkrithi kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.

Superplasticizerkwamanye amazwe ngakumbi ebizwasuperplasticizer, njengoko igama libonisa, lifaneleke kakhulu ukulungiswa komxube wekhonkrithi owenziwe phezulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iyona nto ifanelekileyo ukuxuba imixube kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, umthamo omkhulu we-slurry kunye ne-low-binder ratio yamanzi, oko kukuthi, ukupompa ikhonkrithi ephezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iikhonkrithi, ezifana nekhonkrithi egalelwe ekwakhiweni kwedama le-hydraulic, ubukhulu be-particle ubukhulu be-aggregate bukhulu (ukuya kwi-150mm), umthamo we-slurry umncinci kwaye ukuhamba akukukhulu, kwaye ikhonkrithi kufuneka ihlanganiswe. ngokusebenzisa ukungcangcazela okunamandla okanye isenzo sokungcangcazela, isinciphisi samanzi esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu sisenokungafaneleki. Ukugcina umlinganiselo wokubopha amanzi ungatshintshwanga, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemilinganiselo yepropathi yomatshini efunwa luyilo lolwakhiwo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, kunye nokunciphisa imathiriyeli yesamente njengombono, ukwakhiwa kwamadama amaninzi asekhaya axutywe nokusebenza okuphezulu. isinciphisi samanzi. Enyanisweni, isicelo esinjalo siyingxaki, ngenxa yokuba i-concrete ye-hydraulic yangaphambili ixutywe kunye ne-arhente yokungenisa umoya okanye uhlobo lwe-lignin yokunciphisa amanzi aqhelekileyo, izinga labo lokunciphisa amanzi lincinci, kwaye ngenxa yempembelelo yokungenisa umoya, ukwandisa umthamo we-slurry. xa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nomthamo we-cementing material iyancitshiswa ngexesha elifanayo, oko kukuthi, xa umthamo we-slurry uyancipha, unokugcina ukulingana okunzima. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho indawo eyaneleyo yokugcwalisa i-aggregate, ukugoqa i-aggregate kwaye unikeze i-slurry esebenzayo iyimfuneko ukuze umxube uhlanganiswe emva kokugalela.

Ukongeza, amandla oxinzelelo omxube kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi asebenzayo ukunciphisa umyinge wokubopha amanzi kunokuphuculwa kakhulu emva kokuqina, kodwa isantya sokukhula samandla okugoba sihlala sincinci, kwaye uvakalelo lokuqhekeka luya kunyuka, ngoko ngokubanzi, ukwakhiwa kwendlela egangathiweyo yekhonkrithi okanye ipaneli yebhulorho kufuneka ilumke kunye ne-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi esebenzayo. Enyanisweni, ekulungiseleleni esona sixa sikhulu se-C30 kulwakhiwo loluntu kunye nobunjineli boluntu (kufuneka luphendule ngaphezu kwe-1/2 yetotali) okanye amanye amabakala asezantsi amandla ekhonkrithi empontshiweyo, isinciphisi samanzi esisebenza kakuhle asifanelekanga, okanye asiyonxalenye ebalulekileyo.