Tsiku Lolemba:10,Onse,2023

(1) Kutengera kusakaniza konkriti

Oyambirira amalimbitsa nthawi zambiri amafupikitsa nthawi ya konkriti, koma pomwe zomwe zili mu simenti zimatsika kapena kutsika kuposa gypsum, sulfate idzazengereza kukhazikitsa nthawi ya simenti. Nthawi zambiri, mpweya womwe uli mu konkriti sudzachulukitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo mpweya womwe umakhala ndi madzi oyambira madzi oyambira - kuchepetsa urgani yosakaniza ndi mpweya womwe umachepetsa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, zokhuza zamagesi sizidzachulukana mukamakhala ndi calcium shuga madzi ochepetsa, koma imawonjezera kwambiri pakuphatikizidwa ndi calcium kotha madzi.

(2) Kusokoneza konkriti

Woyamba kulimba mtima amatha kusintha mphamvu yake yoyambirira; Kuchulukitsa kwa mphamvu zomwezi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa othandizira oyambira olimbitsa thupi, kutentha kozungulira, kuwongolera, kuchuluka kwa simenti yamadzi ndi mtundu wa simenti. Zovuta pamphamvu ya konkriti yakanthawi yochepa imasagwirizana, yokwera komanso yotsika. Woyamba kulimba mtima amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamlingo woyenera, koma pomwe mlingo wake ndi waukulu, umabweretsa zovuta pa mphamvu ya pambuyo pake ndi kulimba kwa konkriti. Mphamvu yoyambirira ya madzi ovutitsa madzi imathandizanso koyambirira kwamphamvu, ndipo kugwira kwake kuli bwino kuposa kwa woyambirira wamphamvu, womwe umatha kuwongolera kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu. Tristhanolamine imatha kuyambitsa simenti yoyambirira. Imatha kuthamangitsa hydration ya ma tricacium amphamvu, koma kuchedwetsa hydration ya ma trucaum sluatete ndi dicamu. Ngati zomwe zili ndizokwera kwambiri, mphamvu ya konkriti idzachepetsedwa.

Sulfate yolimba moyambirira kwa wodwalayo alibe mphamvu pakuwongolera, pomwe chloride woyamba mphamvu amakhala ndi ma ayoride ambiri a chloride ions, omwe amalimbikitsa chilengedwe. Mlingowo utakula, kukana mankhwala kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala, kuvala kukana ndi kukana chisanu kudzachepetsedwa. Kwa konkriti, pongochepetsa mphamvu yothana ndi konkriti ya konkriti yowonjezera yosakhazikika. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa chloride wokhala ndi zoletsedwa za ku chloride komwe kunali koletsedwa muyezo watsopano. Pofuna kupewa mtundu wa mchere wa chloride pa kutulila kutukuka, dzimbiri choletsa ndi mchere wa chloride nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito sulfate woyambirira woyambirira, iziziwonjezera nthawi ya matembenuzidwe a konkriti, ndiye kuti zikuyenera kudziwa kuti pamene ophatikizika ali ndi usica yogwira, imapangitsa konkriti pakati pa alkali Kukula.