Lā Hoʻouna: 22, ʻAukake, 2022

1. Ke one: e nānā i ka nānā ʻana i ke one o ka fineness modulus, particle gratation, mud content, mud block content, moisture content, sundries, etc. Pono e hoʻoholo mua ʻia ke one ma ke ʻano o ka "ʻike, ʻimi, ʻānai a kiola".

(1) "E nana", e hopu i ka lima o ke one a hohola ma ka poho o kou lima, a e nana i ka like ole o ka mahele ana o na one a me ke one maikai. ʻOi aku ka like o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana ma nā pae āpau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi;

(2) "Pinch", e ʻimi ʻia ka wai o ke one e ka lima, a ʻike ʻia ka paʻa o ke one ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana. ʻOi aku ka paʻa o ke one, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka wai, a ʻo ia hoʻi;

(3) "Scrub", e hopu i ka lima o ke one ma ka poho lima, e hamo me na lima elua, e pa'ipa'i malie i kou mau lima, a e ike i ka papa lepo e pili ana i ka poho lima. ;

(4) "Holo", ma hope o ke kui ʻana o ke one, e hoʻolei ma ka poho lima. Inā ʻaʻole wehe ka nui o ke one, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia he maikaʻi ke one, loaʻa i ka lepo a i ʻole ka nui o ka wai.

2. ʻO ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia: e nānā i ka nānā ʻana i nā kikoʻī o ka pōhaku, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻāpana, ka ʻili o ka lepo, ka ʻāpana lepo lepo, ka ʻōpala like me ka nila, ka ʻōpala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hilinaʻi nui ana i ke ʻano intuitive o ka "ʻike a wili".

(1) ʻO ka "Nānā" e pili ana i ka nui o ka nui o ka pōhaku i paʻi ʻia a me ka kūlike o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo mua ʻia inā maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha ka pae ʻana o ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia, a hiki ke koho ʻia ka māhele ʻana o nā ʻāpana like me ka nila. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mana o ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia i ka hana a me ka ikaika o ke kaʻa;

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo ma ka nānā ʻana i ka mānoanoa o nā ʻāpana lepo i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili o ka ʻiliʻili; hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka palaoa ma ka ʻili o ka ʻiliʻili maʻemaʻe ma ka hui ʻana me ka "wili" (ʻelua ʻiliʻili e kūʻē kekahi i kekahi) e nānā i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻiliʻili. .

E nānā inā loaʻa nā ʻili ʻili melemele i loko o ka pōhaku, inā he nui nā ʻāpana shale, ʻaʻole loaʻa. ʻElua ʻano ʻāpana ʻili melemele. He ʻōpala ma ka ʻili akā ʻaʻohe lepo. Loaʻa kēia ʻano ʻāpana a ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka paʻa ma waena o ka pōhaku a me ka pahū.

Ke loaʻa ka lepo melemele ma ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana, ʻo kēia ʻāpana ka mea ʻino loa, e hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka paʻa ma waena o ka pōhaku a me ka pahū, a e hoʻemi ʻia ka ikaika compressive o ka ʻāpana i ka wā e nui ai nā mea like.

3. Admixtures: nā mea hoʻohui ʻia, ma o ka nānā ʻana i ke kala, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia inā he naphthalene (brown), aliphatic (ʻulaʻula koko) a i ʻole polycarboxylic acid (colorless a māmā melemele), ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi naphthalene a momona Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka huahana (ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula) ma hope o ka hui ʻana mai ke ʻala o ka mea hoʻemi wai.

4. Admixtures: Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka lehu lele e ke ʻano maʻalahi o ka "ʻike, pinching a holoi ʻana". ʻO ka "nānā" ʻo ia ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka lehu lele. Inā spherical ka ʻāpana, hōʻike ia ʻo ka lehu lele ʻo ia ka lehu duct air mua, i ʻole he lehu lepo.

(1) "Pinch", e kui me ka manamana lima a me ka manamana lima, e ike i ka degere o ka lubrication ma waena o na manamana lima elua, o ka oi lubricated, o ka oi aku o ka lehu lele, a me ka hope, o ka mānoanoa (fineness).

(2) "Holoi", e hopu i ka lima o ka lehu lele me kou lima a laila holoi me ka wai pai. Inā holoi maʻalahi ke koena i hoʻopili ʻia i ka poho lima, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he liʻiliʻi ke poho ma ka ʻā ʻana o ka lehu lele, inā ʻaʻole he liʻiliʻi ke koena. Inā pa'akikī ka holoi 'ana, 'o ia ho'i, he ki'eki'e ka poho ma ka ho'ā 'ana o ka lehu lele.

Hiki ke hōʻike pololei ʻole ke ʻano o ka lehu lele i ke ʻano o ka lehu lele. He ʻeleʻele ke kala a he kiʻekiʻe ke kalapona, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makemake wai. Inā loaʻa kahi kūlana maʻamau, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hui ʻana i ka manawa e nānā i ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai, ka hana hana, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka manawa a me ka ikaika.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka pauda slag he pauda keʻokeʻo, a ʻo ke kala o ka pauda slag he hina a ʻeleʻele paha, e hōʻike ana e hiki ke hui pū ʻia ka pauka slag me ka pauka kila a i ʻole ka lehu lele me ka hana haʻahaʻa.