No ka dispersant ionic, hiki i ka dispersant i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai ke ionize i nā ion maikaʻi a me nā ion maikaʻi ʻole, ua hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ion ma ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana colloid me nā koina like ʻole, a laila hana i kahi papa uila pālua ma ka ʻili o ka ion, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana. No ka dispersant non-ionic, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka dispersant i ka wai a adsorbed ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea colloidal, e hoʻopuni ana i ka ʻāpana a hana i ka steric hindrance, e keakea ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka reagent reaction a me ke kikowaena pane.

ʻO ka sodium hetaphosphate ka polyphosphate. He poepoe kona ano molekala, aka, he laina laina laina laina. Hoʻopili ʻia ia i ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana ma o ka pūʻulu hopena, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pili ke kaulahao waena i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka repulsion electrostatic hou. ʻO ka ionized anion o ka sodium hetaphosphate i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai adsorbed ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, kahi i hoʻonui ai i ka electronegativity o ka ʻili. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā ionized Na + ke hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa o ka papa uila pālua, aka sodium hexametaphosphatepāʻani i kahi hopena dispersive ma lalo o kēia mau hopena ʻelua.

ʻO kēia mau hopena ʻelua e hoʻonui i ka ikaika repulsive ma waena o nā ʻāpana, e hopena i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka wai manuahi i ʻōwili ʻia i loko o ka hale aggregate, no laila kaka sodium hexametaphosphateHiki i ka dispersant ke pāʻani i ka hana o ka dispersing particles a me ka lubricating particles. ʻO kāna kumu nui e hōʻemi i ka ʻāʻī interfacial ma waena o ka wai - wai a paʻa - wai. No lailaka sodium hexametaphosphateʻO ka dispersant kekahi surfactant.