Ka lā i kau ai:11, Sep,2023

Mai ka 1980s, admixtures, ka nui kiʻekiʻe-efficiency wai ho'ēmi 'ākeneka, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe lohi a noi i loko o ka hale kuai kuʻimaka, oi loa aku kiʻekiʻe-ikaika a me ka pumped kaila, a ua lilo indispensable mea. E like me ka Malhotra i kuhikuhi ai i ka International Conference on Concrete Admixtures: "ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻemi wai maikaʻi loa he mea nui ia i ka holomua o ka ʻenehana paʻa i ke kenekulia 20." He liʻiliʻi wale nō nā mea nui i ka ʻenehana ʻenehana i nā makahiki, ʻo kekahi o ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ea i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā makahiki 1940, i hoʻololi i ka helehelena o ka ʻenehana paʻa ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika;SuperplasticizerʻO ia kekahi hanana nui e loaʻa ai ka hopena nui i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaila no nā makahiki he nui e hiki mai ana.

Superplasticizerma kekahi mau aina i kapaiasuperplasticizer, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, he kūpono loa ia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hui ʻana o ka superplasticized. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hui ʻana i nā hui me ka kahe nui, ka nui slurry nui a me ka haʻahaʻa wai-binder ratio, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻomake ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe ikaika.

Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ke kaila i ninini ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka wai hydraulic, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka huina o ka nui (a hiki i 150mm), liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka slurry a ʻaʻole nui ke kahe, a pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻāpana. me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka vibration ikaika a i ʻole ka vibration rolling action, ʻaʻole kūpono ka mea hoʻemi wai kiʻekiʻe. I mea e hoʻololi ʻole ai ka ratio wai-binder, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā ʻāpana waiwai mechanical e koi ʻia e ka hoʻolālā hoʻolālā, e hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai, a e hoʻemi i ka mea cementing e like me ka manaʻo, ua hui pū ʻia nā hale wai hydraulic dam me ka hana kiʻekiʻe. mea hoemi wai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he pilikia kēia noi, no ka mea, ua hui pū ʻia ka mīkini hydraulic ma mua me ka ea entraining agent a i ʻole lignin type o ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai maʻamau, he liʻiliʻi ko lākou wai hoʻemi, a ma muli o ka hopena o ke komo ʻana o ka ea, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka slurry, no laila. ke ho'ēmiʻia ka hoʻohana wai a me ka nui o nā mea cementing i ka manawa hoʻokahi,ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hoʻemiʻia ka nui o ka slurry, hiki iā ia ke mālama i kahi kaulike paʻakikī. E hōʻoia i ka nui o ka manawa e hoʻopiha ai i ka aggregate, e hoʻopili i ka aggregate a hāʻawi i kahi slurry e pono ai no ka hui ʻana e hoʻopili ʻia ma hope o ka ninini ʻana.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka ikaika compressive o ka hui ʻana me ka wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi i ka ratio binder wai ma hope o ka paʻakikī, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka ikaika kulou, a e hoʻonui ʻia ka naʻau, no laila ma ka laulā. pono e akahele ke kukulu ana i ke kahua kaapuni a me ke alahaka me ka mea hoemi wai maikai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka nui loa o C30 i ka hana kīwila a me ka ʻenekinia kīwila (pono e helu no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 1/2 o ka huina) a i ʻole kekahi mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pahū pahū, ʻaʻole kūpono ka mea hoʻemi wai kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole. ʻaʻole ia he mea nui.