Kwanan Wata:30,Nov,2022

A. Wakilin rage ruwa

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman amfani da wakili na rage ruwa shine rage yawan ruwan da ake amfani da shi na simintin da kuma inganta yawan ruwa na kankare a ƙarƙashin yanayin kiyaye ma'auni na ruwa ba tare da canzawa ba, ta yadda ya dace da bukatun sufuri da gine-gine. Yawancin abubuwan da ke rage ruwa suna da cikakken sashi. Idan cikakken adadin adadin ya wuce, adadin rage ruwa ba zai karu ba, kuma zubar jini da rarrabuwa zai faru. Matsakaicin madaidaicin sashi yana da alaƙa da duka kayan albarkatun ƙasa da madaidaicin haɗaɗɗiyar kankare.

 

1. Naphthalene superplasticizer

Naphthalene superplasticizerza a iya raba su zuwa manyan samfurori (Na2SO4 abun ciki<3%), matsakaicin samfurori (Na2SO4 abun ciki 3% ~ 10%) da ƙananan samfurori (Na2SO4 abun ciki> 10%) bisa ga abun ciki na Na2SO4. Matsakaicin adadin naphthalene jerin mai rage ruwa: foda shine 0.5 ~ 1.0% na yawan siminti; A m abun ciki na bayani ne kullum 38% ~ 40%, da hadawa adadin ne 1.5% ~ 2.5% na siminti ingancin, da kuma ruwa rage kudi ne 18% ~ 25%. Naphthalene jerin ruwa rage jini ba ya zubar da iska, kuma yana da kadan tasiri a kan saitin lokaci. Ana iya haɗa shi tare da sodium gluconate, sugars, hydroxycarboxylic acid da salts, citric acid da inorganic retarder, kuma tare da adadin da ya dace na wakili mai shigar da iska, ana iya sarrafa asarar slump yadda ya kamata. Rashin lahani na ƙananan maida hankali na naphthalene jerin mai rage ruwa shine cewa abun ciki na sodium sulfate yana da girma. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya kasance ƙasa da 15 ℃, sodium sulfate crystallization yana faruwa.

 

2. Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer

Polycarboxylic acidAna ɗaukar mai rage ruwa a matsayin sabon ƙarni na babban aikin rage ruwa, kuma mutane koyaushe suna tsammanin zai zama mafi aminci, inganci da daidaitawa fiye da tsarin naphthalene na gargajiya na rage ruwa a aikace. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na nau'in rage ruwa na polycarboxylic acid yawanci suna nunawa a cikin: ƙananan sashi (0.15% ~ 0.25% (daskararrun da aka canza), yawan raguwar ruwa mai girma (gaba ɗaya 25% ~ 35%), riƙewar slump mai kyau, ƙananan shrinkage, wasu iska. entrainment, kuma musamman low jimlar alkali abun ciki.

Duk da haka, a aikace,polycarboxylic acidHakanan mai rage ruwa zai gamu da wasu matsaloli, kamar: 1. Tasirin rage ruwa ya dogara ne da albarkatun da ake samu da kuma gauraya adadin siminti, kuma abin da ke cikin yashi da tsakuwa ya yi tasiri sosai da ingancin ma'adinai; 2. Ragewar ruwa da slump retaining effects dogara sosai a kan sashi na rage ruwa wakili, kuma yana da wuya a kula da slump tare da ƙananan sashi; 3. Yin amfani da maɗaukaki mai mahimmanci ko babban ƙarfin siminti yana da babban adadin admixture, wanda ke kula da amfani da ruwa, kuma ƙananan sauye-sauye na amfani da ruwa na iya haifar da babban canji a slump; 4. Akwai matsalar daidaitawa tare da wasu nau'ikan wakilai na rage ruwa da sauran abubuwan haɓakawa, ko ma babu tasiri mai ƙarfi; 5. Wani lokaci simintin yana da ruwa mai yawa na jini, da iska mai tsanani, da manyan kumfa masu yawa; 6. Wani lokaci canjin yanayin zafi zai shafi tasirinpolycarboxylic acidmai rage ruwa.

Abubuwan da ke shafar daidaituwar siminti dapolycarboxylic acidmai rage ruwa: 1. Rabon C3A/C4AF da C3S/C2S yana ƙaruwa, daidaitawar ta ragu, C3A yana ƙaruwa, yawan amfani da ruwa na kankare yana ƙaruwa. Lokacin da abun ciki ya fi 8%, raguwar asarar simintin yana ƙaruwa; 2. Maɗaukaki ko ƙananan abun ciki na alkali zai yi mummunar tasiri ga daidaituwarsu; 3. Rashin ingancin ƙarar siminti kuma zai shafi daidaitawar biyun; 4. Siffofin gypsum daban-daban; 5. Babban zafin jiki ciminti na iya haifar da saurin wuri lokacin da zafin jiki ya wuce 80 ℃; 6. Fresh ciminti yana da karfi na lantarki dukiya da kuma karfi ikon sha ruwan rage ruwa; 7. Ƙwararren yanki na siminti.